Planetary Boundaries and Systemic Risk Dashboard

Tracking Earth’s nine biophysical boundaries, risk zones, and economic implications. Updated May 2025.
Data: Stockholm Resilience Centre, Nature Geoscience, IMF, UNEP, Science Advances, 2025
2025 Boundary Status: Safe Operating Space
Red (5) Yellow (2) Green (2)
As of 2025, five boundaries are in the red (high risk), two in yellow (elevated risk), and two in green (safe)[1].
Planetary Boundaries Status Matrix (2025)
Boundary
2025 Value
Threshold
Zone
Key Risk / Advance
Climate change CO₂ at 423 ppm (threshold: 350 ppm); radiative forcing +2.3 W/m². Methane clathrate destabilization risk in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (2024)[1].
CO₂: 423 ppm
RF: +2.3 W/m²
350 ppm
+1.0 W/m²
Red
Methane clathrate destabilization, Arctic feedbacks
Biosphere integrity Extinction rate at 100 E/MSY (threshold: 10 E/MSY); 33% loss in pollination networks, increasing crop failure risk (2025)[1].
Extinction: 100 E/MSY
Pollination: -33%
10 E/MSY
Stable pollination
Red
Loss of genetic and functional diversity, crop failure risk
Biogeochemical flows Nitrogen fixation: 150 Mt/yr (threshold: 62 Mt); phosphorus: 22 Mt/yr (threshold: 11 Mt). EU and India policy pilots underway (2025)[1].
N: 150 Mt/yr
P: 22 Mt/yr
N: 62 Mt/yr
P: 11 Mt/yr
Red
Nitrogen inefficiency, phosphorus runoff, policy pilots
Novel entities PFAS >4 ng/L in 89% of EU rivers; 14 Mt/yr plastics in oceans. Global Plastics Treaty mandates 30% reduction by 2030[1].
PFAS: >4 ng/L
Plastics: 14 Mt/yr
PFAS: 4 ng/L
Plastics: 0
Red
PFAS in rivers, global plastics treaty
Stratospheric ozone Ozone layer stable; Montreal Protocol success story. Boundary not currently at risk[1].
Stable
Ozone loss halted
Green
Montreal Protocol success
Ocean acidification pH at 8.05 (threshold: 8.2). Coral reef and marine insurance risk. Underwriting costs up 40% in tropics[1].
pH: 8.05
pH: 8.2
Yellow
Coral risk, marine underwriting cost +40%
Land-system change Forests at 62% (threshold: 75%). Amazon tipping risk. ISO 14032-2 for sector alignment[1].
Forests: 62%
Forests: 75%
Yellow
Amazon tipping, ISO 14032-2
Freshwater use Blue water use: 2,800 km³/yr (threshold: 4,000 km³/yr). Regional stress, but global boundary not breached[1].
Blue water: 2,800 km³/yr
4,000 km³/yr
Green
Regional stress, global within boundary
Atmospheric aerosols Regional exceedance; solar PV soiling and health impacts. No global threshold set[1].
Regional exceedance
Uncertain
Red
Solar PV soiling, health impacts
Hover for scientific detail.
Red: >25% above threshold; Yellow: within 25% of threshold; Green: >25% below threshold[1].
Boundary Breach Magnitude (Percent Over Threshold)
Climate Nitrogen Phosphorus Novel Entities Freshwater +21% +90% +142% +250% -30%
Magnitude of boundary transgression or buffer by process (2025). Nitrogen and phosphorus are most breached; freshwater is within buffer.

Theoretical and Empirical Foundations